The annual survey results also revealed that 33 percent of adults rated drug abuse as a big problem for children's health, and 29 percent listed bullying as a major concern.

Rounding out the bottom half of the top 10 concerns were stress (27 percent), alcohol abuse (23 percent), teen pregnancy (23 percent), Internet safety (22 percent) and child abuse and neglect (20 percent). The polling sample is representative of the U.S. adult population.

The poll's results varied with respondents' races and ethnicities. Childhood obesity was the top concern (44 percent) among Hispanic adults, followed by not enough exercise (38 percent).

Black adults listed smoking and tobacco use as their biggest concern (43 percent).